ABSTRACT
SARS-Cov 2 is the etiological agent responsible for Covid 19 disease, that has become a pandemic, whose natural history of infection, severity and mortality depends largely on the presence or non-identifiable risk factors in the incidence populations that allow the estimation of the risk status, being the fundamental objective of assessing the risk factors for infection by said coronavirus in the Canton Ambato, Tungurahua Province, Ecuador;through an integrated platform based on the use of concurrent technologies. It is applied research, based on an experimental, longitudinal and prospective explanatory study, descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. 626 patients evaluated through the Risk Factors module enabled in the computer application were included. The predominant population was young, around the age of 18 to 26, with 463 women (73,96%). 8% had coronavirus infection, 98% showed mild symptoms, 8% of identified cases had a pathological history considered clinical risk, the presence of social risk factors was estimated in 6% of patients. The assessment of risk factors through the platform showed a high specificity of 87% which shows the existence of few false positives in the risk estimate and increases the validity of the result with a Positive Likelihood Rate of 1,5. The development of a risk factor assessment module for Covid 19 as part of an integrated technology platform showed effectiveness in identifying and analyzing it, en allow risk stratification according to its potential to association with the severity of covid infection with this virus that undere bottoms the development of community prevention strategies.
ABSTRACT
Applied research, longitudinal and prospective experimental explanatory study, was carried out, involving the development of an application based on emerging technologies for the characterization of epidemiological aspects in the COVID-19 Pandemic caused by SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus, which was applied for the purposes of this research to a sample of the population of the canton Ambato involving 911 patients. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were applied. The most significant results were: predominated male gender, age range from 18 to 26 years, mestizo ethnic self-identification, normal weight, as clinical risk factors: Arterial Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus type 2, Bronchial Asthma and immunosuppression status;while social risk fac-tors include overcrowding and living alone. With a higher probability of 99% the association between the presence of suggestive symptoms of the disease was demonstrated during the confirmation of cases, the most statistically significant being: dry cough, myalgias, anosmia, odinophagia, fever, diarrhea, dysgeusia and nasal obstruction, among the factors of poor prognosis predominated clinical ones. Diagnostic efficacy was evaluated through the platform, which showed a high specificity of 95%, with a lower sensitivity of 56%, endorsed by a likelihood ratio of 12, all of which demonstrates the credibility for positive diagnosis through this application.
ABSTRACT
In December 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia cases emerged in Wuhan, China, which evolved into the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the work is to design a community prevention strategy in the indigenous population of zone 3 at the starting point of the epidemiological characterization carried out. A longitudinal and prospective experimental explanatory study was conducted with deliberate intervention, descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. It was identified that the age of 60 years or more pre- dominated in the subjects surveyed, which represented 9,7%, and the other risk group located at ages under 18 years, were located 17 for 4,5% of the sample, although the figure of both age groups of risk is not high, it is necessary to work with the indigenous population at the community level, ischemic heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and bronchial asthma were also identified as a risk. As social factors, extreme poverty, living alone, overcrowding and poor accessibility to health services. The community prevention strategy of Covid-19 in the indigenous population will favor the epidemiological control of the pandemic with probable economic and social impact added, which will guarantee a rational use of resources focused on the most vulnerable population.
ABSTRACT
An explanatory longitudinal and prospective experimental cutting study was conducted with deliberate intervention, where a platform based on emerging technologies for epidemiological and clinical approach to the Covid 19 pandemic was developed in terms of risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and geolocation. The diagnostic efficacy of Covid 19 disease was demonstrated through evaluation by this application with a sensitivity of 56% and a specificity of 95%, with a positive likelihood ratio of 12. With regard to the assessment of the risk status in the population, there was a sensitivity of 18% with a specificity of 87%. While the positive likelihood rate was 1.5. The determination of ELISA Immunoassay Antibodies (IgM and IgG) for SARS-Cov-2 was positive in 86% of confirmed cases, the determination of antigens (Rapid Tests) showed efficacy for ruling out infection in 73.3% of patients studied. RT-qPCR was the confirming method of molecular diagnosis of virus infection in 90% of confirmed cases. 86% of confirmed cases required treatment and poor prognostic factors were detected in 18.6% of patients evaluated. There were no deaths for Covid 19. The relative risk of complications attributable to this coronavirus was twice as high before evaluation through the Emerging Technologies-based platform. 100% of the patients included were geolocated. The platform showed efficiency and effectiveness for the integral management of the Covid 19 Pandemic.